The neighbors of Pakistan

( The neighbors of Pakistan)
Pakistan has four neighbors, they are:
1 China.
2 Iran.
3 Afghanistan and

4 India.
( Borders of Pakistan)
There are four borders of Pakistan, they are:

1 Border with China is 595 km. long China is North boundary.
2 Border with Iran is 805 km. long Iran is West boundary.
3 Border with Afghanistan is 2252 km. long Afghanistan is North West
4 Border with India is 1610 km. long India is East boundary

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Important Days Of Pakistan

7th September is air-force day in Pakistan.
6th September is Defence-Day in Pakistan.
5th February is day of solidarity with the Kashmiris.
28th May is Takbir-Day in Pakistan.
14th August independance day of Pakistan.
23rd March Pakistan day.

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Religions and Seasons of Pakistan

(Religions and Seasons of Pakistan)
Religions in Pakistan

Muslims.
Christians.

Hindus.
Parses.
Buddhists.
Sikhs etc.
Seasons of Pakistan

Summer.
Winter.
Autumn.
Spring.

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Some Abbreviations which are not known to many of us...

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World's 1st laptop

World's 1st laptop Released in 1981 by the Osborne Computer Corporation, the Osborne 1 is considered to be the first true portable computer.

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World's First Motorcycle.

This one's really a collection piece. The First Motorcycle was created in 1885 in Stuttgart, Germany. It was designed and built by the German inventors Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. The invention was also the first petroleum-powered vehicle.

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What Is The Future of Mobile Commerce?

The proliferation of mobile devices globally has changed the way consumers shop, both offline and online. No longer are brick-and-mortar shops the first point of contact in a shopper’s purchase cycle. They’re increasingly using mobile sites and dedicated apps to make better, more informed purchases. So the question remains – how can publishers and app developers capitalize on this opportunity?

One thing is for certain; in-app purchases can be a developer’s proven route to monetization. According to Business Insider’s Analysis of App Store Data, 93 percent of the top 100 grossing iPhone apps use in-app commerce. Of those 100 grossing apps, two-thirds are free-to-download apps. High-level or power users of apps are typically the ones making the majority of in-app purchases. And the more frequently and consistently these power users interact with an app (upwards of 10 app sessions), the more likely they are to make an in-app purchase. Take for example the largest Internet retailer, Amazon. It recently added in-app purchases as part of its larger mobile advertising strategy. This new feature will use Amazon’s one-click purchasing, letting consumers buy an item without having to exit the application they’re using. Keen to deliver more content for its Kindle Fire tablet (and compete with Apple’s iPad), each movie and book download made within the app will help Amazon make substantial revenue gains.

Another example of the monetization potential of in-app purchases is the Magic Piano by Smule app. It was first developed specifically for iPads as a pay-to-download app that costs $2.99. Months later, the iOS developer released a version for the iPhone, which was free-to-download and offered a few songs at the start. To ensure the app delivered consistent streams of mobile revenue, the iOS developer released additional songs every Wednesday from popular artists like Lady Gaga, Jason Mraz and Britney Spears – available as an in-app purchase using a special type of currency called Smoola. These Smoolas are sold in packs of 160, starting at $1.99, and tracks cost anywhere between 25 and 75 Smoolas each. We’ve already seen these types of in-app purchases prove to be huge revenue drivers for game makers like Zynga. Clearly, there is a very compelling business case for why more app developers should leverage in-app purchases to earn revenue from consumers.

Did you know that one in six Smartphone users in Europe access online retail sites and apps on their mobile devices? To top it off, one in eight Smartphone users in the EU5 countries actually completed a retail transaction on their phones, according to comScore. As recently as a few months ago, British supermarket chain Sainsbury’s put its mobile commerce strategy into motion with the launch of a mobile-optimized site that lets shoppers choose from over 200,000 grocery items to purchase using their phones. The newly launched mobile site was designed with a very specific goal in mind – to make customers’ lives easier and deliver a rich, useful shopping experience no matter where customers are when they decide to do grocery shopping. Given Forrester Research’s European Mobile Commerce Forecast, citing that mobile spending across Europe will grow to a whopping €19.2 billion (or 6.8% of online sales) in 2017, the potential to generate revenue from mobile site purchases is one that publishers cannot afford to ignore.

Clearly, the remarkable growth of apps and mobile sites has generated a number of different revenue models for publishers and app developers. But should we be worried that the success of gaming apps like Words With Friends and Draw Something (thanks to in-app purchases) is fleeting? What types of innovation are needed for publishers to monetize traffic on their mobile sites?

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Interesting Facts About Pakistan

Pakistan (officially known as the Islamic Republic of Pakistan) is a country in South Asia. Here are some interesting facts about Pakistan that you probably don’t know!

Interesting Facts About Pakistan

• Pakistan has the second largest Muslim population in the world. It is second to Indonesia.

• About one fifth of the population live below the international poverty line (US$1.25 per day).

• More than 60 languages are spoken in Pakistan. English is the official language of Pakistan and is used in government.

• 96% of the population are Muslims. Just over 1.5% are Christians.

• Pakistan has the sixth largest military force in the world.

• Pakistan have cold, dry winters and hot, wet summers.

• Despite once being called the world’s most dangerous country in a British magazine (The Economist), the tourism industry is growing in Pakistan.

• The official and national sport of Pakistan is field hockey. Cricket, however, is the most popular sport. The national side won the ICC World Cup in 1992.

• Pakistan qualified for the Golf World Cup for the first time in 2009.

• One goal of the current government is to see the literacy rate reach at least 85% over the next few years.

• About 1.7 million refugees from Afghanistan live in Pakistan.

• Pakistan became an Islamic republic in 1956.

• In 1971, there was a civil war in East Pakistan that led to the creation of Bangladesh.

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Important International Current Affair for Law Entrance, CLAT 2012

** Dilma Rousseff  assumes office as Brazil President.

** India joins United Nations Security council as a non permanent member  for 2 years.

** Arnold Schwarzenegger terminates his stint of more than eight years as California governor.

** Salman Taseer , Governor of Pakistan’s Punjab Province gunned down by a security guard at a parking lot for supporting death row designate Aasia Bibi charged with blasphemy.

** La Nina triggered flood causes catastrophic damage in Queensland.

** India and Sri Lanka sign an MoU on passenger Transportation by sea facilitating resumption of ferry services between Tuticorin – Colombo and Talaimannar and Rameswaram.

** Inderjit Singh Reyat, convicted in the June 23, 1985 Air India flight bombing sentenced to to nine years in jailfor perjury.

** Sudanese cast ballots in a week – long independence referendum to decide on the status of the southern regions.

** 70 people on board  an Iranian passenger jet killed after a crash near the north western city of Urumiyeh.

** Russia and U.S. enact a nuclear cooperation pact in Moscow.

** More than 500 people killed in Brazil as mudslides and floods devastate.

** Lebanese Government led by Saad Hariri collapses following the resignation of 11 cabinet ministers belonging to Hezbollah.

** Indian – American Nikki Hailey sworn as the first woman and non- white governor of South Carolina.

** Tunisian Government dissolved and Parliament dismissed.

** Tunisian president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali exits to Saudi Arabia.

 ** The Social Network sweeps up 4 awards at the 2011 Golden Globe Awards.

** British House of Lords holds a first ever night long session.

** Former Swiss private banker Rudolf elmer hands over data on offshore bank account holders to Wikileaks founder Julian Assange.

** 56 persons killed in a suicide bomb attack in tikrit, Iraq ** Sea life aquarium in Oberhausen, Germany unveils an outsized memorial for Paul the octopus.

** 5 persons killed and 180 injured as a suicide bomber strikes at the Domodedovo airport in Moscow

** Sri Lanka’s Supreme Court upholds the disqualification from parliament of the former army commander

** A.R. Rehman honoured with Crystal award of the World Economic Forum at the annual meeting of world elites at Davos.

** Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak designates Ahmed Shafik Prime Minister. Omer Suleiman made vice- president.

** South Sudan votes to split from the north in a referendum as per preliminary results.

** A two million strong rally in Cairo’s Tahrir square calls for an end to the Hosni Mubarak regime in Egypt.

** Jordan’s king Abdullah II fires the cabinet headed by Prime Minister Samir Rifai. Marouf al-Bakhit is named Prime Minister designate.

** Cyclone Yasi batters Australia’s north eastern coast. Power blackouts darken 1,77,000 homes across the Queensland region.

** Thein Sein elected Myanmar’s first first president under its 2008 constitution.

** Jhalanath Khanal is sworn in Nepal Prime Minister.

** Sudan President Omar Al Bashir endorses independence referendum result. Juba to be new capital of Southern Sudan.

** Hosni Mubarak steps down as Egyptian Presidenr after being at the helm for 30 years.

** King’s Speech wins the Best fim award at BAFTA. Best actor – colin firth, best actress – Natalie portman.

** Clashes in Bahrain as protestors observe day of rage.

** Riots erupt in Libya sparked by the arrest of human rights activist Fethi  Tarbel.

** The first cosmic census reveals the presence of at least 50 billion planets in the milky way.

** Uganda’s long term president Yoweri Museveni wins new term.

** BP signs a mega deal with Reliance Industries limited to buy 30 percent  stake in RIL oil, gas blocks for $7.2 million in London.

** 155 dead and 226 missing in the earthquake in Christchurch, New Zealand.

** Wikileaks founder Julian Assange can be extradited to Sweden in a sex crime enquiry, rules a british judge.

** U.S. imposes unilateral sanctions on Libya.

** 83 rd Academy Awards

>Best picture – King’s Speech

> Best actor – Colin Firth

>Best director – Tom hooper

> Best actress – Natalie

** Opposition announces formulation of the Libya National Transitional Council.

** The US Securities and Exchange Commission slaps insider trading charges on former McKinsey managing director Rajat Gupta.

** Pakistan Minister for Minority Affairs Shahbaaz Bhatti is gunned down near his residence.

** Order of St. Andrews Russia’s highest honour, is conferred on the last Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.

** Nepal Prime Minister and founder of the Nepali Congress Krishna Prasad Bhattarai passes away in Ksthmandu.

** Jacques Chirac becomes the first French president  to go on trial on criminal charges.

** A strong earthquake strikes off the coast of northeast Japan.

** Discovery space shuttle returns to earth after its final flight wrapping up its 27 year career.

** An 8.9 magnitude offshore earthquake unleashes a 23 feet tsunami in Japan leaving 8199 people dead and 12722 missing. Atomic power plant Fukushima No 1 is evacuated.

** An explosion at the Fukushima Daichi Nuclear Reactor in Japan triggered by the quake-tsunami destroys the building housing it.

** Emergency declared at Japan’s Onagawa nuclear power plant. The 1421 metre Shinmoedake volcano erupts. Hiromitsu Shinkawa is saved by the

military after he remained clinging on to the roof of his house for two days.

** Radiation spread strikes japan. A magnitude 6 earthquake rattles Tokyo.

** Chinese government suspends the approval of all new nuclear power plants.

** US embassy staffer Raymond Davis, arrested for shooting down two men on January 27 in Lahore, is freed after payment of blood money hours after being indicted for murder by a sessions court.

** UN authorises the imposition of no-fly zone in Libya and use of air-power to prevent attacks on civilians by Col. Gadaffi’s forces.

** 46 persons are killed and hundreds injured in the crackdown on prodemocracy protest in the Yemeni capital Sana’a.

** Yemen’s president Ali Abdullah Saleh fires his cabinet.

** Former Isreali president Moshe Katsev is sentenced to a seven year jail term for rape.

** Legendary Hollywood actress Elizabeth Taylor who enthralled audience in a career spanning 5 decades dies at a Los Angeles hospital.

** Abel Prize for the year to US Mathematician John Willard Milnor for his pioneering discoveries in topology, geometry and algebra.

** 74 people are killed and 111 injured after a powerful earthquake rocks north-west Myanmar.

** The Canadian government headed by Stephen Harper is ousted in a vote of no-confidence passed in the parliament.

** Parts of Japan especially the Miyagi prefecture are rattled by an offshore earthquake measuring 6.5 on the Richter Scale.

** Syrian Cabinet’s resignation is accepted by the President Bashar-Al Assad after nearly two weeks of pro-democracy unrest.

** Heavy turnout marks Kazakhstan’s presidential polls.

 ** Internationally renowned Chinese artist Ai Weiwei is detained by authorities while boarding a flight to Hong-Kong.

** Wreckage of an Air-France jet which crashed off Brazil coast killing all 228 people aboard is found in the Atlantic Ocean.

** Nursultan Nazarbayev is re-elected Kazakhstan’s president.

** Bangladesh Supreme Court upholds a High Court order confirming Grameen Bank decision to remove Muhammad Yunus as Managing  Director.

** Guardian’s coverage of the Wikileaks publication wins “Newspaper of  the Year” at the 2011 Press Awards given in London.

** Peruvians cast ballots in presidential polls.

** Ban on full-face veils comes into effect in France.

** Nuclear radiation crisis at the Fukushima –Daichi plant is rated a “major accident” like the 1986 Chernobyl Disaster.

** The world’s five major emerging economies – Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) – draw up action plan for better coordination on the world stage at the Summit in Sanya, China.

** BRICS nations sign a pact to use their own currencies instead of the US dollar in credit or grants among each other.

** Nigerians cast ballots in presidential polls.

** Goodluck Jonathan wins Nigerian Presidential polls.

** Indian American Siddharth Mukherjee’s book on Cancer wims the 2011 Pulitzer Prize in the General non-fiction category. Jennifer Egan wins the Pulitzer prize in the fiction category for her novel “A Visit From The Goon Squad”. Carol Fuzy, a photographer from the Washington Post becomes the first journalist to win four Pulitzer Prizes.

 ** Syria lifts an emergency law that has been in force for 48 years following  month-long protests in which at least 200 have died.

** President Raul Castro is named first-secretary of Cuba’s Communist Party.

** Governments from around the world pledge $785 million to seal the stricken nuclear reactor at Chernobyl within a 20000 tonne steel shield at a conference in the Ukranian capital Kiev.

** Popular singer-turned-politician Michel Martelly is declared of Haiti’s presidential elections.

** Thousands of people join an “energy shift parade” in Tokyo, Japan to demand an end to nuclear power.

** Congolese children’s right activist Murhabazi Namegabe wins the $100,000 World’s Children’s Prize for the rights of the child.

** Singapore’s elder statesman Lee Kuan Yew is returned to Parliament unopposed for the fifth successive term.

** The toll from severe storms that battered five Southern US States touches 193. Alabama worst hit with 128 deaths.

** Britain’s Prince Williams marries long-time girlfriend Kate Middleton at Westminster Abbey, London.

** Saif-al-Arab Gadaffi, the youngest son of Libyan leader Muammar Gadaffi, and three grandchildren are killed in a NATO air attack on a residential building in Tripoli. 

** Pope Benedict XVI beatifies the late Pope John II at St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican.

** Al-Qaeda supremo Osama Bin Laden is killed in a US special forces operation in Abbottabad near the Pakistan capital Islamabad.

 ** Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper wins majority in Canadian Parliamentary polls.

** The Hamas and Fatah, the two main Palestinian factions, sign the unity pact paving the way for the formation of National government.

** The Bangladesh Supreme Court dismisses Dr Muhammad Yunus’s petition seeking reversal of a High Court ruling sacking him as the Grameen Bank MD.

** Elections are held for the Scottish Parliament, the devolved assemblies  in Northern Ireland and Wales.

** Britons overwhelmingly reject a proposal to abandon the first-past-thepost system in favour of Alternative Vote.

** Scottish National Party pulls off a dramatic victory.

** A joint celebration by India and Bangladesh of the 150^th Birth Anniversary of Rabindranath Tagore begins in Dhaka.

** Singapore’s long-governing People Action’s Party wins absolute majority in parliamentary polls held a day earlier.

** Raj Rajaratnam, Galleon hedgefund founder, is found guilty of fraud and conspiracy by a federal jury in Manhattan.

** Wikileaks founder Julian Assange is awarded the Sydney Peace Prize’s  Gold Medal.

** Singapore’s top leaders and former PrimeMinisters Lee Kuan Yew and Goh Chok Tong announce their retirement from the Cabinet.

** The IMF President Dominique Strauss-Kahn is arrested in New York on attempted rape, assault charges.

** Philip Roth, one of America’s prolific novelists is named winner of the 60,000 pounds Man Booker International Prize.

** Arjun Vajpayee, a school boy from Noida, achieves a rare double, after  being the youngest Indian to scale Mt. Everest, he scales Mt. Lhotse, the world’s fourth highest peak.

** India’s GSAT-8 – the largest and heaviest satellite built by the ISRO is launched from Kourou, French Guiana by Ariane-5 rocket.

** U.S director Terrence Malick’s The Tree of Life wins top honours at the Cannes Film Festivals. Kirsten Dunst bags best actress for her role in Lars  von Trier’s apocalyptic psychodrama Melancholia. France’s Jean Dujardin gets best actor for part in Michel Hazanavicius’s silent movie The Artist

** At least 89 people are killed as a tornado rips through the city of Joplin in Missouri, U.S.

** Bosnian Serb Army Commander General Ratko Mladic, also known as the Butcher of Srebrenica, wanted for crimes during the 1991-95 Balkan wars is arrested in Lazarevo, Serbia after 16 years on the run.

** George Atkinson (16) from Surbiton, a London suburb becomes the youngest person ever to climb the highest of all the seven continents after scaling Mt. Everest.

** G-8 leaders launch a partnership for North Africa and West Asia at the end of their own two day annual summit in Deanville, France.

** Nepal’s major parties amend interim constitution and extend the term of the Constituent Assembly by three months.

** Pakistani journalist Syed Saleem Shahzad is found dead 48 hours after he went missing from the ‘Red Zone’ of Islamabad.

** Jill Abramson is appointed first-ever woman Executive Editor of the New York Times.

 ** Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan survives the no-trust vote in Parliament.

** Indian-American Sukanya Roy wins the crown at the spelling-bee championship in Maryland, US.

** Jack Kevorkian nicknamed Dr Death who said he helped some 130 people end their lives from 1990-1999 dies at William Beaumount  Hospital in Michigan after a short illness.

** Ollanta Humala secures a razor thin victory in Peruvian presidential polls.

** M.F. Hussain, India’s foremost modern painter and an internationally recognised artist dies at a London Hospital.

** The six-nation Shanghai Corporation Organisation opens its doors for  India’s membership at its 10 Th anniversary summit in Astana, Kazakhstan.

** Ayman-al-Zawahari is chosen to succeed the slain Al-Qaeda chief Osama Bin Laden.

** The United Nations Secretary General Ban Ki Moon gets Security Council support for a second five-year term.

** Swiss Parliaments gives nod to amendments to tax treaties with nations making it easier to track black money.

** 44 persons, including designers of the nuclear reactors in Kudankulam Tamil Nadu,are killed in an air-crash in Northern Russia.

** The former presidents of Ghana and Brazil, John Agyekum and Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva are chosen for the World Food Prize 2011.

** Endosulfan is listed under the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade.

 ** Hindi films Dabangg and My Name Is Khan bag top honours at the 12 th International Indian Film Academy Awards in Toronto, Canada.

** Jose Graziano da Silva of Brazil is elected Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organization.

** Chinese activist Hu Jia is freed after being behind the bars for three and a half years on subversion charges.

** Chinese railways unveils test-run of CRH high-speed train linking Beijing and Shanghai.

** French Finance Minister Christine Lagarde is elected IMF Managing Director.

** The Danish High Court dismisses government’s plea to extradite Kim Davey, an accused in the Purulia Arma drop case of 1995, to India.

** The World’s longest sea bridge, spanning 36.48 km across the mouth of the Jiaozhou bay in Eastern Shandong Province, Chinapoens to traffic. Undersea tunnel running parallel to the bridge too ready High speed rail link between Shanghai and Beijing inaugurated.

** Prince Albert II of Monaco and his South African bride, Princess Charlene , marry in a religious ceremony.

** Yingluck Shinawatra’s Pheu Thai Party secures majority in Thailand’s parliamentary polls

** Christine Lagarde takes office as IMG Managing Director in Washington.

** At least 95 people killed in four days non-stop sectarian violence in Karachi, Pakistan.

** Space shuttle Atlantis lifts off on its last voyage since the launch of the program in 1981 from the Kennedy Space Centre in Cape Canaveral,Florida.

** Rebekah Brooks, Chief Executive of News International announces closure of the tabloid News of the World, following furore over its role in a phone hacking scandal.

** South Sudan declares independence from Sudan to become the world’s  193 rd Nation. President Salva Kiir offers peace to rebels.

** Australia unveils its most sweeping economic reforms in decades, with a plan to tax carbon emissions from the nation’s worst polluters.

** Ahmed Wali Karzai, the Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai’s youngster  half brother and head of Kandahar’s provincial council is assassinated by a security team member at his home in Karz Town.

** British Prime Minister David Cameroon announces a judicial probe into the phone hacking scandal.

** Rebekah Brooks, the Chief Executive of the British Media Group News International resigns in the aftermath of the phone hacking scandal.

** The US recognizes the Libyan opposition, the Benghazi-based Transitional National Council.

** Rebekah Brooks, the former Chief Executive of the British Media Group News International, is arrested in the phone hacking scandal.

** NATO begins phased withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan.

** Paul Stephenson, the Scotland Yard Chief, resigns over links News International.

** General David Petraeus, the US Commander in Afghanistan steps down.

** Sean Haore, a former News of the World journalist, who was instrumental in revealing the illegal news gathering practices at the  newspaper, is found dead at his house in Watford town in Hortfordshire, north-west of central London.

 ** Hina Rabbani Khar is sworn in Pakistan’s Foreign Minister, thus becoming the youngest and the first woman to occupy the post.

** The FBI arrests prominent Kasmir activist Ghulam Nabi Fai at his home in Fairfax, Virginia.

** The UN declares famine in parts of omalia, with up to 350,000 people hit in the most severe food crisis in Africa in two decades.

** Serbia arrests Goran Hadzic, the last remaining Yugoslav war crimes suspect sought by the International Criminal Tribunal in The Hague.

** Space Shuttle Atlantis returns from the ISS bringing an end to NASA’s 30 year old journey with one last touchdown at Kennedy Space Centre in Cape Canaveral, Florida.

** The EU summit in Brussels comes out with a second international bailout package for Greece.

** At least 40 persons killed and 190 injured as a bullet train rams another  one while running on a bridge in Wenzhou in east China’s Zhejiang  province.

** Amy Winehouse(27), Grammy award winning British soul singer is found dead at her flat in North London.

** India and the Republic of Korea ink a civil nuclear agreement after a meeting between Presidents Pratibha Patil and Lee Myung Bak in Seoul.

** Bangladesh Swadhinata Samanona (Bangladesh Freedom Honor) is  conferred on Indira Gandhi at a function in the capital Dhaka.

** India, Iraq and Syria sign a $ 10 bn gas pipeline deal.

** Indians Harish Hande and Nileema Mishra among six award winners of  2011 Ramon Magsaysay awards announced in Manila.

** At least 163 killed on board a Carribean Airlines jet miraculously survive after the plane crashlands and splits in Guyana’s Cheddi Jagan  International Airport.

** AUGUST

** The Former Eqyptian President Hosni Mubarak is charged with an array of crimes at an open trial court in a Cairo Court.

** Signs of water found on Mars, say Scientists.

** Standard & Poor’s for the first time removes the US Government from its list of risk-free borrowers.

** NASA launches the billion dollar unmanned solar powered Juno spacecraft on a five year journey to Jupiter.

** China puts into orbit Pakistan’s first communications satellite, PAKSAT-1R from a launch centre in western Sichuan Province

** Nepal Prime Minister Jhalanath Khanal resigns.

** Sukhoi fifth generation stealth fighter, T-50 being jointly developed by Russia and India makes public debut at a Moscow air show.

** IBM reveals brain chips called ‘core’

** A State Supreme Court in Manhattan dismisses the criminal charges against the former IMF MD Dominique Strauss Kahn.

** Austrian climber Gerlinde Kaltenbrunner becomes the first woman to scale all the world’s 14 highest summits without oxygen.

** Hurricane Irene batters the North Carolina coast. The New York City Transit system begins a shutdown.

** Baburam Bhattarai is elected Nepal Prime Minister by the nation’s  legislature-Parliament.

** Tony Tan is elected Singapore President after a dramatic recount.

 ** Yoshihiko Noda becomes Japan’s sixth Prime Minister in five years.

** Wikileaks publishes its full archives of 251,000 secret US diplomatic  cables, without redactions.

** Iran connects its first nuclear plant at Bushehr to the country’s national electricity grid.

** 43 persons, including members of an ice-hockey team are killed after a Russian passenger jet crashes immediately after takeoff from an airport near the city of Yaroslavi.

** The US President Barack Obama unveils a $447 billion plan labelled the American Jobs Act before the Congress.

** Miss Angola Leila Lopes is crowned Miss Universe 2011 at a pageant in the Brazilian capital Sao Paulo.

** The “Red Bloc” led by Thorning-Schmidt wins Parliamentary polls in Denmark.

** Scientists announce the discovery of a new planet Kepler 16B that has two suns.

** “Mad Men” wins the best drama Emmy for the fourth year, “Modern Family” bags the best comedy gong. Kate Winslet gets Best Actress  Emmy role for her role in period drama “Mildred Pierce” at the 63 rd Annual prime time Emmy Awards in Los Angeles.

** Rupert Murdoch’s media group News International offers 3 million Pounds pay-off to the family of Milly Dowler, the murdered schoolgirl  the hacking of whose phone led to the closure of the 168 year-old tabloid.

** The US military’s “don’t ask, don’t tell” policy is repealed.

** R.E.M., the pioneering American alternative rock group, calls it a day after 21 years and 15 albums.

** European scientists report of tiny specks called neutrinos apparently travelling faster than light.

** The Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas submits his historic request  for Palestinian statehood during his speech at the UN General Assembly in New York.

** Saudi women gain the right to vote and run as candidates in the local elections to be held in 2015.

** Wangari Muta Mathai, the first African woman to win  a Nobel Peace Prize dies of cancer.

** Barcelona bans bull-fighting on grounds of cruelty to animals.

** French socialist’ wrest control of the senate gaining 175 out of 348 seats in a historic win for the first time since the Fifth Republic was founded in 1958.

** Saudi men cast votes in Municipal election, the last all-male poll in the Muslim Kingdom.

** China launches its first space laboratory module the 8.5 tonne Tiangong-1 or Heavenly Palace from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre.

** An anti-terrorism court in Rawalpindi awards death sentence to Malik Mumtaz Husain Qadri, the assassin of Punjab Governor Salman Taseer.

** Denmark imposes a “fat tax” on foods such as butter and oil.

** Bruce A. Beutler of the US Jules Hoffman of Luxembourg and Ralph Steinman of Canada (who died of pancreatic cancer on September 30) are awarded the Medicine Nobel for discovering the accelerating expansion of universe.

 ** Steve Paul Jobs, the iconic co-founder of Apple, dies of pancreatic cancer in California.

** Swedish poet Tomas Transtromer wins the Literature Nobel Prize.

** Israeli scientist Daniel Shechtman is awarded the Chemistry Nobel Prize for discovering quasicrystals.

** Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, compatriot and Peace activist Leymah Gbowee and Tawakkul Karman of Yemen, a pro-democracy campaigner are awarded the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize.

** Two American economists Thomas Sargent and Christopher Sims are awarded the Nobel Peace for their research on cause and effect in the Macroeconomy.

** Dennis Ritchie,  a computer czar who wrote the popular C programming  language and helped develop the Unix Oprerating system is found dead at his home in Berkeley Heights, New Jersey.

** Raj Rajaratnam, billionaire hedge fund manager is handed a 11 year jail term by a Manhattan Court.

** Bhutan’s King Jigme Khesar Namgyel marries Jetsun Pema in the Palace of Great Happiness in Phunaka.

** Fauja Singh (100) becomes the oldest person to complete a full distance marathon after taking part in Scotiabank Toronto Waterfront Marathon in Canada.

** British novelist Julian Barnes is declared winner of this year’s Man Booker Prize for his novella “The Sense of an Ending” in London.

** The Palestinian Hamas frees Gilad Shalit abducted Israeli soldier in return for the release of 477 Palestinians as part of a prisoner swap deal.

 ** A European Court rules that procedures that use embryonic stem cells cannot be patented.

** The toppled Libyan strongman Muammer Gadaffi is killed by new regime forces while trying to flee his home town of Sirte.

** US President Barack Obama honours Indian-American activist Vijaya Emani posthumously with the Presidential Citizens Medal.

** Saudi Arabian Crown Prince Sultan bin Abdul-Aziz al Saud dies while undergoing treatment for an unspecified illness in New York.

** Lousiana’s Indian-American Governor Bobby Jindal is re-elected for a second term.

** Over 500 people are feared killed as a powerful earthquake strikes Turkey.

** Tunisia’s moderate Islamist Enhada party win in the first elections held after the onset of the Arab Spring.

** South Arabian interior minister Nayef bin Abdel-Aziz al Saud is named Crown Prince and Vice Prime Minister

** Australia unveils a 1012 kg gold coin to mark Queen Elizabeth II’s visit

** The royal daughters of the UK will soon get regal right to rule after  Britain and 15 Commonwealth nations agree to repeal male primogeniture laws on the sidelines of this CHOGM summit in Perth

** The US Space Agency launches a first of its kind weather satellite, The $1.5 billion National Polar Orbiting Operational Environmental Satelite System Preparatory Project, from Vandenberg Air Force base in California

** Kamlesh Sharma is reappointed Commonwealth Secretary General at the CHOGM meeting in Perth

** Philippines becomes the first country to declare a seven billionth baby, a girl named Danica

** In a historic work at its headquarters in Paris UNESCO grants full membership to Palestine

** The High Court in London rejects Wikileaks founder Jullian Assange’s  plea against extradition to Sweden

** Pakistan cabinet decides to grant MFN status to India ** Six volunteers complete a 520 day Mars Mission at an isolation module in Moscow in a bid to simulate the effects of a return trip to the Red Planet

** Political leaders in Greece clinch a historic deal to form a national unity government

** Venezuela’s Ivan Sarcos is crowned Miss World 2011 at a pageant in London

** The Italian PM Silvio Berlusconi loses parliamentary majority

** Greek PM George Papandreou steps down

** India offers Pakistan a Preferential Trade Agreement, easy visa regime after talks between PMs Manmohan Singh and Yusuf Raza Gilani on the sidelines of the SAARC summit in Addu city, Maldives

** Senior banker Lucas Papademos is named PM of the new Greek interim government

** Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf is declared re-elected for a second term after winning a run-off held on November 8th.

** Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi resigns.

** Myanmarese leader Aung Saan Suu Kyi accepts the 2002 UNESCOMadanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance and Non-violence.

 ** China’s unnamed air-craft Shenzhou-8 lands at the Gobi desert after a month-long docking exercise.

** Mariano Rajoy leads his peoples party to victory in Spains General  elections

** Newzealands Prime Minister John Key wins second term

** The Arab league gives nod for sanctions against Syria to pressure Damascus to end its eight month crackdown on dissent which has left 3500 people dead.

** Michael Jacksons physician Dr. Conrad Munray is sentenced to a four year jail term by a Los Angeles court

** Britain witnesses the biggest public sector strike in a generation

** Britain expels all Iranian diplomats and orders the closure of its embassy  in London

** Russians launch nationwide protest against election fraud

** Yemens national unity government headed ny PM Md. Basindawa is sworn in at the Republican Palace in Sana’a

** After nearly 72 hiurs of continous wrangling 190 nations sign an agreement to work towards a future treaty on global climate at the UN talks over climate change at Durban. Kyoto protocol get extension till  2017

** Canada pulls out the Kyoto protocol

** US formally ends militatary operations in Iraq which began in March 2003 at a simple ceremony in Baghdad

** A French court sentences the Venzuevelan militant Carlos the Jackal to life sentence for four deadly attacks in France in the 1980’s

** More than 1000 people are killed in flashfloods triggered by tropical storm Washi in the Philippines

** Vaclav Havel the former Czech President and the hero of Velvet Revolution passes at his country home near Prague

** 57 people are killed as blasts rock Baghdad

** An Australian teenager gets a 13 year old jail term for the January 2010 killing of an Indian student Nitin Garg in Melbourne

** China launches its first test train that can travel at  500KMPH in Quindao, Shandong province

** Russians take out a massive rally seeking cancellation of parliamentary posts held earlier in December 2011.

** Indian- American nobel laureate Venkatraman Ramakrishnan is conferred knighthood by Britain.

Read more »

Changed Names of Cities, States and Countries

Old Name- New Name
Abyssinia- Ethiopia
Angora- Ankara
Aurgangabad- Sambhaji Nagar
Banaras- VaranasiBaroda- Vadodara
Batavia- Jakarta
Basutoland- Lesothe
Bachunaland: Bostwana
Bombay- Mumbai
British Guiana- Guyana
Burma- Myanmar
Calicut - Kozhikode
Cape Canaveral- Cape Kennedy
Cawnpore- Kanpur
Ceylon- Sri Lanka
Central Provinces- Madhya Pradesh
Christina- Oslo
Cochin- Kochi
Congo- Zaire
Constantinople- Istanbul
Dacca- Dhaka
Dahomey- Benin
Dutch East Indies- Indonesia
Dutch Guyana- Suriname
East Timor- Loro Sae
Egypt- United Arab Republic
Ellice Islands- Tuvalu
Formosa- Taiwan
Gauhati- Guwahati
Gold Coast- Ghana
Holland- The Netherlands
Ivory Coast- Cote D' Ivoire
Japan- Nippon
Jubbulpore- Jabalpur
Jullundur- Jalandhar
Leopildville- Kinshasa
Madagascar- Malagasy
Madras- Chennai
Malaya- Malaysia
Manchukuo- Manchuria
Mesopotamia- Iraq
New Hebrides- Vanuatu
Northern Rhodesia- Zambia
Nyasaland- Malawi
Ooty- Udhagamandalam
Panjim- Panaji
Peking- Beijing
Petrograd- Leningrad
Persia- Iran
Poona- Pune
Quilon- Kollam
Rangoon- Yangon
Rhodesia (Southern)- Zimbabwe
Saigon- Ho Chi Minh City
Salisburg- Harare
Sandwich Islands- Hawaiian Islands
Siam- Thailand
Simla- Shimla
South West Africa- Narnibia
Spanish Guinea- Equatorial Guinea
Stalingrad- Volgograd
Tanganyka and Zanzibar- Tanzania
Tanjore- Thanjavur
Trichur- Thrissur
Trivandrum- Thiruvananthapuram
United Provinces- Uttar Pradesh
Upper Volta- Bourkina Faso
Vizagapatnam- Visakhapatnam

Read more »

Books and Authors

A
A Bend in the River - V.S. Naipaul
A Brief History of Time – Stephen Hawking
A China Passage – John Kenneth Galbraith
Accidental Death of an Anarchist – Dario Fo
A Clockwork Orange – Anthony Burgess
A Critique of Pure Reason – Immanuel Kant
A Doll’s House – Ibsen
A Farewell to Arms – Ernest Hemingway
A Fine Balance – Rohinton Mistry
A Handful of Dust – Evelyn Waugh
A House for Mr. Biswas – V. S. Naipaul
A Million Mutinies Now – V.S. Naipaul
A Midsummer Night’s Dream – William Shakespeare
A Passage to England – Nirad S. Choudhari
A Passage to India – E.M. Foster
A Prisoner’s Scrapbook – L.K. Adwani
A Sense of Time - H.S. Vatsyayan
A Strange and Sublime Address – Amit Chaudhary
A Streetcar Named Desire – Tennesse Williams
A Study of History – Arnold J. Toynbee
A Suitable Boy – Vikram Seth
A Tale of Two Cities – Charles Dickens
A Thousand Days – Arthur M. Schiesinger
A Thousand Suns – Dominique Lappierre
A Village by the Sea – Anita Desai
A Voice for Freedom – Nayantara Sehgal
A Week with Gandhi – Louis Fischer
A Woman’s Life – Guy de Maupassant
Absolute Power – David Baldacci
Adam Bede – George Eliot
Adonis – P.B. Shelley
Adventure of Tom Sawyer – Mark Twain
Afternoon Raag – Amit Chaudhary
Agni Veena – Kazi Nazrul Islam
Akbarnama – Abul Fazal
Alice in Wonderland – Lewis Carroll
All Quiet on the Western Front – Erick Maria Remarque
All the King’s Men – Robert Penn Warren
All the President’s Men – Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward
All Things Bright and Beautiful – James Herriot
All’s Well that Ends Well – William Shakespeare
Amar Kosh – Amar Singh
An American Dilemma – Gunnar Myrdal
An American Tragedy – Theodore Dreiser
An Area of Darkness – V.S. Naipaul
An Autobiography – Jawaharlal Nehru
An Equal Music – Vikram Seth
An Idealist View of Life – Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
Anandmath – Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
And Quiet Flows the Don – Mikhail Sholokhov
Angels in America – Tony Kushner
Animal Form – George Orwell
Anna Karenina – Leo Tolstoy
Antony and Cleopatra – William Shakespeare
Ape and Essence – Aldous Huxley
Around the World in Eighty Days – Jules Verne
Arrowsmith – Sinclair Lewis
As You Like It – William Shakespeare
Asia and Western Dominance – K. M. Panikkar
Asina Drama – Gunnar Myrdal
August 1914 – Alexander Solzhenitsyn
Autobiography of an Unknown Indian – Nirad S. Choudhari

B
Babbit - Sinclair Lewis
Back to Methuselah - George Bernard Shaw
Bndicoot Run - Manohar Malgaonkar
Beginning of the Beginning – Bhagwan Sri Rajneesh
Being Digital - Nicholas Negroponte
Beloved – Toni Morrison
Ben Hur – Lewis Wallace
Beyond the Horizon – Eugene O’Neill
Bharat Bharati – Maithili Saran Gupt
Biographia Literaria – Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Black Holes and Baby Universes – Stephen Hawking
Blood, Brain and Beer – David Ogilvy
Bonfire of the Vanities – Tom Wolfe
Born Free – Joy Adamson
Brave New World – Aldous Huxley
Bread, Beauty and Revolution – Khwaja Ahmad Abbas
Breakfast at Tiffany’s – Truman Capote
Breakthrough – Gen. Moshe Dayan
Bubble, The – Mulk Raj Anand
Business @ Speed of Thought – Bill Gates
Byzantium – W.B. Yeats

C
Cadillac Desert – Marc Reisner
Caesar and Cleopatra – George Bernard Shaw
Candida – George Bernard Shaw
Candide – Voltaire
Catch-22 – Joseph Heller
Catcher in the Rye – J.D. Salinger
Centennial – James A. Michener
Chemmeen – Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai
Cherry Orchard – Anton Chekhov
Chidambara – Sumitranandan Pant
Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage – Lord Byron
Chitra – Rabindra Nath Tagore
Choma’s Drum – K. Sivaram Karanth
Chronicle of a Death Foretoid – Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Circle of Reason – Amitav Ghosh
Circles of Silence – Preeti Singh
City of Joy – Dominique Lapierre
City of Djinns – William Dairymple
Comedy of Errors – William Shakespeare
Coming of Age in Samoa – Margaret Mead
Common Sense – Thomas Paine
Communist Manifesto – Karl Marx
Confessions – J.J. Rousseau
Confessions of an English Opium Eater – Thomas De Quincey
Confidential Clerk – T.S. Eliot
Conquest of Self – Mahatma Gandhi
Coolie – Mulk Raj Anand
Count of Monte Cristo – Alexander Dumas
Coverly Papers – Joseph Addison
Creation – Gore Vidal
Crescent Moon – Rabindra Nath Tagore
Crime and Punishment – Feodor Dostoyevsky
Crisis into Chaos – E.M.S. Namboodiripad
Cry, the Beloved Country – Alan Paton

D
Darkness at Noon – Arthur Koestler
Darkness Visible – William Styron
Das Kapital – Karl Marx
David Copperfield – Charles Dickens
Days of Grace – Arthur Ashe and Arnold Ram Prasad
Death in Venice – Thomas Mann
Death of a City – Amrita Pritam
Death of a Patriot – R.E. Harrington
Death of a Salesman – Arthur Miller
Debacle – Emile Zola
Decameron – Giovanni Boccaccio
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire – Edward Gibbon
Descent of Man – Charles Darwin
Deserted Village – Oliver Goldsmith
Devdas – Sharat Chandra Chatterjee
Dilemma of Our Time – Harold Joseph Laski
Diplomacy – Henry Kissinger
Discovery of India – Jawaharlal Nehru
Distant Drums – Manohar Malgaonkar
Divine Comedy – Dante Alighieri
Divine Life – Swami Sivananda
Doctor Zhivago – Boris Pasternak
Doctor’s Dilemma – George Bernard Shaw
Don Juan – Lord Byron
Don Quixote – Miguel de Cervantes
Dr. Jkyll and Mr. Hyde – Robert Louis Stevenson
Durgesh Nandini – Bankim Chandra Chatterjee
Down Under – Bill Bryson
Dust to Dust – Tami Hoag

E
Earth – Emile Zola
Eminent Victorians – Lytton Strachey
Emma – Jane Austen
Ends and Means – Aldous Huxley
English August – Upamanyu Chatterjee
Envoy to Nehru – Escott Reid
Essays of Elia – Charles Lamp
Essays on Gita – Sri Aurobindo Ghosh
Eternal Himalayas – Major H.P.S. Ahluwalia
Ethics for New Millennium – The Dalai Lama
Expandin Universe – Arthur Stanley Eddington

F
Faces of Everest – Major H.P.S. Ahluwalia
Family Matters – Rohinton Mistry
Family Reunion – T.S. Eliot
Far from the Madding Crowd – Thomas Hardy
Farewell the Trumpets – James Morris
Farewell to Arms – Ernest Hemingway
Fasting Feasting – Anita Desai
Father and Sons – Ivan Turgenev
Faust – J.W. Goeth
Final Days, The – Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein
First Circle – Alexander Solzhenitsyn
For Whom the Bell Tolls – Ernest Hemingway
Forsyth Saga – John Galsworthy
Fortynine Days – Amrita Pritam
Freedom at Midnight – Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre
French Revolution – Thomas Carlyle
Friends and Foes – Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
From Here to Eternity – James Jones

G
Ganadevta – Tara Shankar Bandopadhyaya
Gandhi and Stalin – Louis Fisher
Gardener – Rabindra Nath Tagore
Gathering Storm – Winston Churchill
Ghasiram Kotwal – Vijay Tendulkar
Gitanjali – Rabindra Nath Tagore
Glimpes of World History – Jawaharlal Nehru
Godan – Prem Chand
Golden Threshold – Sarojini Naidu
Gone With the Wind – Margaret Mitchell
Good Earth – Pearl S. Buck
Good Times, Bad Times – Harold Evans
Goodby, Mr. Chips – James Hilton
Grammar of Politics – Harold Joseph Laski
Great Expectations – Charles Dickens
Guide – R. K. Narayan
Gulag Archipelago – Alexander Solzhenitsyn
Gulliver’s Travels – Janathan Swift
Gypsi Masala – Preeti Nair

H
Half a Life – V.S. Naipaul
Hamlet – William Shakespeare
Harvest – Manjula Padmanabhan
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix – J. K. Rowling
Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire – J. K. Rowling
Heat and Dust – Ruth Prawer Jhabwala
Heri Apparent – Dr. Karan Singh
Heritage – Anthony West
Heroes and Hero Worship – Thomas Carlyle
Himalayan Blunder – Brigadier J.P. Dalvi
Hindu View of Life – Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
Hinduism – Nirad S. Choudhari
Homage to Catalonia – George Orwell
How to Know God – Deepak Chopra
Hullabaloo in a Guava Orchard – Kiran Desai
Human Factor – Graham Green
Hunchback of Notre Dame – Victor Hugo
Hungry Stones – Rabindra Nath Tagore

I
Iacocca – Lee Iacocca
Ideas and Opinions – Albert Einstein
I Follow the Mahatma – K.M. Munshi
Idols – Sunil Gavaskar
If I am Assassinated – Z.A. Bhutto
If Only – Geri Halliwell
Ignited Minds – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
In Evil Hour – Gabriel Garcia Marques
In Memoriam – Alfred Lord Tennyson
In Search of Gandhi – Richard Attenborough
India in the New Millennium – Dr. P.C. Alexander
India Changes – Taya Zinkin
India Discovered – John Keay
India Divided – Rajendra Prasad
Indian Emerging Power – Stephen Philip Cohen
India- Another Millennium – Romila Thapar
India- Unbound – Gurcharan Das
India of Our Dreams – M.V. Kamath
India Remembered – Percival and Margaret Spear
India Wins Freedom – Abul Kalam Azad
India’s Priceless Heritage – N.A. Palkiwala
Indian Philosophy – Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
Indira: The Life of Indira Nehru Gandhi – Katherine Frank
Inscrutable Americans – Anurag Mathur
Inside Asia, Inside Europe, Inside Africa etc – John Gunther
Interpreter of Maladies – Jhumpa Lahiri
Intimacy – Jean Paul Sartre
Invisible Man – H.G. Wells
Is Paris Burning – Larry Collins & Dominique Lapierre
Isabella – John Keats
Islamic Bomb – Stev Weissman & Herbert Krouney
It was Five Past Midnight in Bhopal – Dominique Lapierre and Javier Moro
Ivanhoe – Sir Walter Swatt

J
Jai Somnath – K.M. Munshi
Jane Eyre – Charlotte Bronte
Jean Christopher – Romain Rolland
Julius Caeser – William Shakespeare
Jungle Book – Rudyard Kipling
Junglee Girl – Ginu Kamani
Jurassic Park – Michael Chrchton

K
Kalpana Chawla- A Life – Anil Padmanabhan
Kamasutra – Vatsyayana
Kane and Abel – Jeffrey Archer
Kanthapura – Raja Rao
Kashmir : A Tragedy of Errors – Tavleen Singh
Kayar – Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai
Kenilworth – Sir Walter Scott
Kidnapped – Robert Louis Stevenson
Kim – Rudyard Kipling
King Lear – William Shakespeare
Kubla Khan – Samuel Taylor Coleridge

L
Ladies Coupe - Anita Nair
La Peste – Albert Camus
Lady Chatterley’s Lover – D. H. Lawrence
Lajja – Taslima Nasreen
Last Burden – Upamanyu Chatterjee
Last Things – C.P. Snow
Le Contract (Social Contract) – J.J. Rousseau
Lead Kindly Light – Vincent Shean
Leaders – Richard Nixon
Leaves of Grass – Walt Whitman
Less Miserables – Victor Hugo
Leviathan – Thomas Hobbes
Life Divine – Sri Aurobindo
Life is Elsewhere – Milan Kundera
Life of Samuel Jhonson – James Bosewell
Living History – Hillary Clinton
Lolita – Vladimir Nobakov
Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner – Allan Sillitoe
Long Day’s Journey into Night – Eugene O’Neill
Long Walk to Freedom – Nelson Mandela
Look Back in Anger – John Osborne
Lord of the Files – William Golding
Love Story – Erich Segal

M
Macbeth – William Shakespeare
Magic Mountain – Thomas Mann
Mahatma Gandhi and his Apostles – Ved Mehta
Main Street – Romain Rolland
Malgudi Days – R.K. Narayan
Man and Superman – George Bernard Shaw
Man of Property – John Galsworthy
Man, Beast and Virtue – Luigi Pirandello
Man-eaters of Kumaon – Jim Corbett
Managing for the Future – Peter Drucker
Managing for Results – Peter Drucker
Mankind and Mother Earth – Arnold Toynbee
Many Worlds - K.P.S Menon
Mayor of Casterbridge – Thomas Hardy
Mein Kampf – Adolf Hitler
Memories of Hope – Gen. Charles de Gaulle
Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus – John Gray
Middle March – George Eliot
Midnight’s Children – Salman Rushdie
Mill on the Floss – George Eliot
Moby Dick – Hermann Melville
Moonwalk – Michael Jackson
Mother India – Katherine Mayo
Mother – Maxim Gorky
Much Ado About Nothing – William Shakespeare
Murder in the Cathedral – T.S. Eliot
My Days – R.K. Narayan
My India – S. Nihal Singh
My Life and Times – V.V. Giri
My Music, My Life – Pandit Ravi Shankar
My own Boswell – M. Hidayatullah
My Presidential Years – R. Venkataraman
Mystic River – Dennis Lehane
My Son’s Father – Dom Moraes
My Truth – Indira Gandhi

N
Nana – Emile Zola
Never At Home – Dom Moraes
New Dimensions of India’s Foreign Policy – Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Nice Guys Finish Second – B. K. Nehru
Nineteen Eighty Four – George Orwell
Nisheeth – Uma Shankar Joshi
No Full Stops in India – Mark Tully
Nostradamus and his Prophecies – Edgar Leoni
Nostromo – Joseph Conrad

O
O’ Jerusalem – Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre
Odakkuzhal – G. Shankara Kurup
Of Human Bondage – W. Somerset Maugham
Oliver Twist – Charles Dickens
On The Threshold of Hope – Pope John Paul II
One Hundred Years of Solitude – Gabriel Garcia Marquez
One World and India – Arnold Toynbee
One World – Wendell Wilkie
Operation Bluestar: The True Story – Lt. Gen. K.S. Brar
Operation Shylock - Philip Roth
Othello – William Shakespeare
Our Films, Their Films – Satyajit Ray
Out of Africa – Isak Dinesen

P
Painter of Signs – R.K. Narayan
Pakistan Cut to Size – D.R. Mankekar
Pakistan: The Gathering Storm – Benazir Bhutto
Pale Blue Dot – Carl Sagan
Panchatantra – Vishnu Sharma
Paradise Lost – John Milton
Pather Panchali – Bibhuti Bhushan
Patriotic Gore – Edmund Wilson
People Like Us – Pavan Verma
Peter Pan – J.M. Barrie
Plain Speaking – N. Chandrababu Naidu
Pleading Guilty – Scott Turow
Portrait of India – Ved Mehta
Post Office – Rabindra Nath Tagore
Prelude – William Wordsworth
Preoccupations – Saemus Heaney
Present at the Creation – Dean Acheson
Pride and Prejudice – Jane Austen
Prince – Niccolo Machiavelli
Principa Mathematica – Bertrand Russel
Prison Diary – Jayaprakash Narayan
Private Lives – Noel Coward
Profiles in Courage – John F. Kennedy
Pygmalion – George Bernard Shaw

R
Rabbit, Run – John Updike
Rangbhoomi – Prem Chand
Rape of Bangladesh – Anthony Mascarenhas
Ravan and Eddie – Kiran Nagarkar
Rebel, The – Albert Camus
Red Badge of Courage – Stephen Crane
Red Earth and Pouring Rain – Vikram Seth
Red Star Over China – Edgar Snow
Reflections on the French Revolution – Edmund Burke
Remembering Babylon – David Malouf
Rendezvous with Rama – Arthur C. Clark
Revolution from Within – Gloria Steinem
Riding the Storm – Harold MacMillan
Riot: A Novel – Shashi Tharoor
Rise and Fall of the Third Reich – William L. Shierer
Robinson Crusoe – Daniel Defoe
Romeo and Juliet – William Shakespeare
Room at the Top – John Braine
Rabaiyat-I Omar Khyyam – Edward Fitzgerald

S
Saket – Maithili Sharan Gupt
Sanctuary – William Faulkner
Scam, The: Who Won, Who Lost , Who Got Away – Debashis Basu and Sucheta Dalal
Scarlet Letter – Nathaniel Hawthome
Seven Lamps of Architecture - John Ruskin
Seven Summers – Mulk Raj Anand
Sexual Behaviour in the American Male – Alfred Kinsey
Shadow and Act – Ralph Ellison
Shape from Ladakh – Bhavani Bhattacharya
Shape of Thing to Come – H.G. Wells
She Stoops to Conquer – Oliver Goldsmith
Siddharta – Hermann Hesse
Silent Spring – Rachel Carson
Six Characters in Search of an Author – Luigi Piradello
Six Easy Pieces – Richard P. Feyman
Slaughter House Five – Kurt Vonnegut
Small is Beautiful: A Study of Economics as if People Mattered – Ernst
Schumacher
Snakes and Ladders: Essays on India – Gita Mehta
Snow Country – Yasunari Kawabata
Sohrab and Rustam – Mathew Arnold
Sons and Lovers – D.H. Lawrence
Sophie’s Choice – William Styron
Story of My Life – Moshe Dayan
Strangers and Brothers – C.P. Snow
Strife – John Galsworthy
Stupid White Men – Michael Moore
Sun Stone – Octavio Paz
Sunny Days – Sunil Gavaskar
Swami and Friends – R.K. Narayan

T
Talisman – Sir Walter Scott
Tarzan of Apes – Edgar Rice Burroughs
Tempest – William Shakespeare
Tender is the Night – E. Scott Fitzgerald
Tenth Insight – James Redfield
Thank You, Jeeves – P.G. Wodehouse
The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes – Arthur Conan Doyle
The Affluent Society – John Kenneth Galbraith
The Age of Reason – Jean Paul Sartre
The Agenda – Bob Woodward
The Agony and the Ecstasy – Irving Stone
The Ambassadors – Henry James
The Applecart - George Bernard Shaw
The Arrangement – Elia Kazan
The Banyan Tree – Hugh Tinker
The Best and the Brightest – David Halberstam
The Better Man – Anita Nair
The Big Fisherman – Lloyd Douglas
The Bride’s Book of Beauty – R.J. Waller
The Cancer Ward – Alexander Solzhenitsyn
The Call of the Wild – Jack London
The Canterbury Tales – Geoffery Chaucer
The Captive of the Caucasus – Alexander Pushkin
The Cardinal – Henry Morton Robinson
The Caretaker – Harold Pinters
The Castle – Ranz Kafka
The Cat and Shakespeare – Raja Rao
The Changing World of the Executive – Peter Drucker
The Civil War – Shelby Foote
The Clown – Heinrich Boll
The Coup – John Updike
The Court Dancer – Rabindra Nath Tagore
The Crucible – Arthur Miller
The Day of the Locust – Nathaniel West
The Death of Vishnu – Manil Suri
The Degeneration of India – T.N. Sheshan
The Diary of a Young Girl – Anne Frank
The Double Helix – James D. Watson
The End of a Beautiful Era – Joseph Brodsky
The End of History and the Last Man – Francis Fukuyama
The Executioner’s Song – Norman Mailer
The Eye of the Storm – Patrick White
The Far Pavilions – M.M. Kaye
The Faraway Music – Svetlana Allilueva
The Feminine Mystique – Betty Friedan
The Fifth Horseman – Larry Collins and Domnique Lapierre
The Fire Next Time – James Baldwin
The Forbidden Sea – Tara Ali Baig
The French Lieutenant’s Woman – John Fowles
The Fury – Salman Rushdie
The Ginger Man – J.P. Donleavy
The Glass Palace – Amitav Ghosh
The God of Small Things – Arundhati Roy
The Godfather – Mario Puzo
The Golden Gate – Vikram Seth
The Grapes and the Wind – Pablo Neruda
The Grapes of Wrath – John Steinbeck
The Great Challenge – Louis Fischer
The Great Indian Novel – Shashi Tharoor
The Guns of August – Barbara Tuchman
The Heart is a Lonely Hunter – Carson McCullers
The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy – Douglas Adams
The Horse Whisperer – Nicholas Evans
The Green Knight – Iris Murdoch
The Heart of the Matter – Graham Greene
The Hot Zone – Richard Prelurid
The House of the Spirits – Isabel Allende
The Humboldt Gift – Saul Bellow
The Idiot – Feodor Dostoyevsky
The Importance of Being Earnest – Oscar Wilde
The Interpreter of Maladies – Jhumpa Lahiri
The Interpreters – Wole Soyinka
The Invisible Man – Ralph Ellison
The Joke – Milan Kundera
The Judge – Steve Martini
The Judgement – Kuldip Nayar
The Keeper of the Keys – Milan Kundera
The Last Temptation of Christ – Kazant Zakis
The Legends of Khasak – O.V. Vijayan
The Making of a Midsummer Night’s Dream – David Selboume
The Mandarin – Simon de Beauvoir
The Masters – C.P. Snow
The Man Who Killed Gandhi – Manohar Malgaonkar
The Merchant of Venice – William Shakespeare
The Middle Ground – Margaret Drabble
The Mind of the C.E.O. – Jeffrey E. Garten
The Minister’s Wife – Amaresh Mishra
The Miser – Moliere
The Moon and Sixpence – W. Somerset Maugham
The Moor’s Last Sigh – Salman Rushdie
The Night Manager – Johnie Cane
The Old Man and the Sea – Ernest Hemingway
The Origin of Species – Charles Darwin
The Other Side of Midnight – Sidney Sheldon
The Painted Veil – W. Somerset Maugham
The Pickwick Papers – Charles Darwin
The Pilgrim’s Progress – John Bunyan
The Power and the Glory – Graham Greene
The Power of Positive Thinking – Norman Vincent Peale
The Private Life of Chairman Mao – Dr. Li Zhisui
The Proper Study of Mankind – Isaiah Berlin
The Rain King – Saul Bellow
The Rape of the Lock – Alexander Pope
The Return of the Native – Thomas Hardy
The Rights of Man – Thomas Hardy
The Road Ahead – Bill Gates
The Robe – Lloyd C. Douglas
The Roots – Alex Haley
The Satanic Verses – Salman Rushdie
The Second World War – Winston Churchill
The Seven Spiritual Laws of Success – Deepak Chopra
The Sheltering Sky – Paul Bowles
The Shoes of the Fisherman – Morris L. West
The Social Contract – Rousseau
The Songs of India – Sarojini Naidu
The Sound and the Fury – William Faulkner
The Spirit of the Age – William Hazlitt
The Story of My Experiments with Truth – Mahatma Gandhi
The Strange and Sublime Address – Amit Chaudhary
The Struggle in My Life – Nelson Mandela
The Sword and the Sickle – Mulk Raj Anand
The Testament – John Grisham
The Third Wave – Alvin Tofler
The Total Zone – Martina Navaratilova
The Tree of Man – Patrick White
The Trial – Franz Kafka
The Trotter-Nama – Allan Sealy
The Unfurnished Man – Patrick White
The Vendor of Sweets – R.K. Narayan
The Victim – Saul Bellow
The Volcano Lover – Susan Sontag
The Wasteland – T.S. Eliot
The Way of all Flesh – Samuel Butler
The Wealth of Nations – Adam Smith
Theory of War – John Brady
Things Fall Apart - Chinua Achebe
Thirteenth Sun, The – Amrit Pritam
Thom Birds – Collen McCullough
Thousand Cranes – Yasunari Kawabata
Three Horsemen of the New Apocalypse – Nirad C. Chaudhary
Time Machine – H.G. Wells
Tin Drum – Gunther Grass
Tinker, Tailor Soldier – John Le-Came
Tome Jones – Henry Fielding
To the Lighthouse – Virginia Woolf
Train to Pakistan – Khushwant Singh
Treasure Island – Robert Louis Stevenson
Tropic of Cancer – Henry Miller
Tryst with Destiny – S. Gopalan
Twelfth Night – William Shakespeare
Two Leaves and a Bud – Mulk Raj Anand

U
Ulysses – James Joyce
Uncle Tom’s Cabin – Harriet Beecher Stowe
Under the Net – Iris Murdoch
Unsafe at Any Speed – Ralph Nader
Unto The Last – John Ruskin
Untold Story – General B.M. Kaul
Up from Slavery – Booker T. Washington
Utopia – Thomas Moore

V
Valley of the Dolls – Jacqueline Susann
Vanity Fair – William Thackeray

W
Waiting for Godot – Samuel Beckett
Waiting for the Mahatma – R.K. Narayan
Wake up India – Annie Besant
War and Peace – Leo Tolstoy
Westward Ho – Charles Kingsley
What they don’t teach you at Harvard Business School – Mark. H. Mc Cormack
Who is Kalam? – R. Ramanathan
Who moved my cheese? – Dr. Spencer Johnson
Wings of Fire – A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Winter Solstice – Rosamunder Pilcher
Witness to an Era – Frank Moraes
Women in Love – D.H. Lawrence
World Within Worlds – Stephen Spender
Wuthering Heights – Emily Bronte

Y
Yayati – V.S. Khandekar
Year of the Upheaval – Henry Kissinger
Yesterday and Today – K.P.S. Menon
You Can Win – Shiv Khera

Z
Zen and the Art of Motocycle Maintenance – Robert Pirsig

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